Overview
The Discus (Symphysodon aequifasciatus) is a freshwater fish belonging to the family Cichlidae. It thrives at temperatures of 28–31 °C with a pH of 5.5–7.0, and requires a minimum tank volume of 250 litres. Known for its peaceful, social; must be kept in groups, it is considered a advanced-level species. Requires pristine water with near-zero nitrates; highly sensitive to stress and disease. Water changes of 25–30 % weekly, stable parameters, and appropriate tank mates are key to long-term success with this species.
Scientific Classification
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Genus | Symphysodon |
| Species | Symphysodon aequifasciatus |
| Water type | freshwater |
| Native range | Amazonas|Neotropical|Putumayo |
Natural Habitat
Symphysodon aequifasciatus originates from Amazonas|Neotropical|Putumayo. It inhabits freshwater environments and is adapted to the water conditions found in its native range.
Appearance
Adults reach 15–20 cm in length. The body is freshwater and the species displays characteristic coloration suited to its environment.
Behavior
This species is described as a peaceful, social; must be kept in groups. It naturally schools and should be kept in groups of 6 or more. Activity level is moderate. Requires pristine water with near-zero nitrates; highly sensitive to stress and disease.
| Trait | Value |
|---|---|
| Temperament | peaceful, social; must be kept in groups |
| Schooling | Yes |
| Activity level | moderate |
Water Requirements
| Parameter | Ideal Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | 28–31°C (82–88°F) | Use a reliable adjustable heater |
| pH | 5.5–7 | Avoid sudden swings |
| Hardness (GH) | 1–8 dGH dGH | Soft to moderately hard |
| Ammonia | 0 ppm | Any detectable ammonia signals a problem |
| Nitrite | 0 ppm | Toxic even at low levels |
| Nitrate | <10 ppm | Manage through regular partial water changes |
| Min. tank | 250L (66 gal) | Larger tanks are easier to keep stable |
Interesting Facts
- Discus secrete a nutritious skin mucus that newly hatched fry feed on for their first days.
- Wild Discus live in the flood plains of the Amazon where water temperature rarely drops below 28 °C.
- Hundreds of captive-bred colour strains exist, from solid red to pigeon-blood and checkerboard patterns.
📋 Full Care Guide
Ready to set up a tank for your Discus? The complete care guide covers tank setup, feeding schedule, common diseases, tank mates, and breeding.
Read Discus Care Guide →Related Species
Related Species & Guides
This species profile was reviewed for biological accuracy and practical aquarium care guidance. For suspected illness or disease, test your water parameters first and consult an aquatic veterinarian if symptoms persist.