Overview
The Freshwater Angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) is a freshwater fish belonging to the family Cichlidae. It thrives at temperatures of 24–28 °C with a pH of 6.0–7.5, and requires a minimum tank volume of 150 litres. Known for its semi-aggressive; peaceful with similarly sized fish, it is considered a intermediate-level species. Will eat very small fish (neon tetras, small guppies); best with fish 4 cm or larger. Water changes of 25–30 % weekly, stable parameters, and appropriate tank mates are key to long-term success with this species.
Scientific Classification
| Rank | Classification |
|---|---|
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Genus | Pterophyllum |
| Species | Pterophyllum scalare |
| Water type | freshwater |
| Native range | Amazonas|Neotropical|Putumayo |
Natural Habitat
Pterophyllum scalare originates from Amazonas|Neotropical|Putumayo. It inhabits freshwater environments and is adapted to the water conditions found in its native range.
Appearance
Adults reach 12–15 cm body; 25 cm tall in length. The body is freshwater and the species displays characteristic coloration suited to its environment.
Behavior
This species is described as a semi-aggressive; peaceful with similarly sized fish. It does not school and can be kept individually or in small numbers. Activity level is moderate. Will eat very small fish (neon tetras, small guppies); best with fish 4 cm or larger.
| Trait | Value |
|---|---|
| Temperament | semi-aggressive; peaceful with similarly sized fish |
| Schooling | No |
| Activity level | moderate |
Water Requirements
| Parameter | Ideal Range | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | 24–28°C (75–82°F) | Use a reliable adjustable heater |
| pH | 6–7.5 | Avoid sudden swings |
| Hardness (GH) | 3–10 dGH dGH | Soft to moderately hard |
| Ammonia | 0 ppm | Any detectable ammonia signals a problem |
| Nitrite | 0 ppm | Toxic even at low levels |
| Nitrate | <20 ppm | Manage through regular partial water changes |
| Min. tank | 150L (40 gal) | Larger tanks are easier to keep stable |
Interesting Facts
- The triangular, sail-like body shape lets angelfish hide vertically among aquatic plants.
- Mated pairs often form life-long bonds and may drive away tankmates near their spawn site.
- Captive-bred varieties include marble, koi, black, and veil-tail colour forms.
📋 Full Care Guide
Ready to set up a tank for your Freshwater Angelfish? The complete care guide covers tank setup, feeding schedule, common diseases, tank mates, and breeding.
Read Freshwater Angelfish Care Guide →Related Species
Related Species & Guides
This species profile was reviewed for biological accuracy and practical aquarium care guidance. For suspected illness or disease, test your water parameters first and consult an aquatic veterinarian if symptoms persist.